\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{150.36,5\%}{36,5}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: MnO₂ + 4HCl --> MnCl₂ + Cl₂ + 2H₂O

                           1,5------------->0,375

=> V_Cl2 = 0,375.22,4 = 8,4 (l)

Anh nghĩ 3.65 (g) là khối lượng của HCl luôn ấy em

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3.65}{36.5}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(MnO_2+4HCl_{\left(đ\right)}\rightarrow MnCl_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\)

\(............0.1.............0.025\)

\(V_{Cl_2}=0.025\cdot22.4=0.56\left(l\right)\)

*Chắc là 3,65 gam HCl

PTHH: \(MnO_2+4HCl\rightarrow MnCl_2+Cl_2\uparrow+H_2O\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1}{4}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{Cl_2}=0,025\cdot22,4=0,56\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{150.3,65\%}{36,5}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ a.Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ b.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,15}{2}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{MnO_2}=\dfrac{17,4}{87}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:MnO_2+4HCl_{đặc,nóng}\rightarrow MnCl_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\\ n_{Cl_2\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{3,584}{22,4}=0,16\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Cl_2\left(LT\right)}=n_{MnO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow H=\dfrac{n_{Cl_2\left(TT\right)}}{n_{Cl_2\left(LT\right)}}.100\%=\dfrac{0,16}{0,2}.100=80\%\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)

\(m_{HCl}=21,9g\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\)

=> HCl dư

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,2mol\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)

bổ sung ý b)

Khối lượng dung dịch sau phản ứng = mZn + mHCl - mH₂ thoát ra = 13 +150 - 0,2 .2 = 162,6 gam

Dung dịch thu được sau phản ứng gồm \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ZnCl_2\\HCl_{dư}\end{matrix}\right.\)

nZnCl₂ = nZn = 0,2 mol => mZnCl₂ = 0,2 . 136 = 27,2 gam

=> C% ZnCl₂ = \(\dfrac{27,2}{162,6}\).100= 16,72%

nHCl dư = 0,6 - 0,4 = 0,2 mol 

mHCl dư= 0,2.36,5 = 7,3 gam

=> C% HCl dư = \(\dfrac{7,3}{162,6}\).100 = 4,5%

PT: \(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2MnCl_2+2KCl+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{31,6}{158}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{60.36,5}{100}=21,9\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,6}{16}\), ta được KMnO₄ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{Cl_2\left(LT\right)}=\dfrac{5}{16}n_{HCl}=0,1875\left(mol\right)\)

Mà: H% = 80%

\(\Rightarrow n_{Cl_2\left(TT\right)}=0,1875.80\%=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{Cl_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

\(m_{MnO_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{43,5.85}{100}=36,975\left(g\right)\)

=> \(n_{MnO_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{36,975}{87}=0,425\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: MnO₂ + 4HCl --> MnCl₂ + Cl₂ + 2H₂O

            0,425-------------------->0,425

=> V_Cl2 = 0,425.22,4 = 9,52 (l)

MnO₂ (0,5 mol) + 4HCl \(\xrightarrow[H=85\%]{t^o}\) MnCl₂ + Cl₂ (0,425 mol) + 2H₂O.

Thể tích khí clo thu được (đktc) là 0,425.22,4=9,52 (lít).

- PT: a, \(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\) (1)

\(MnO_2+4HCl_đ\underrightarrow{t^o}MnCl_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\) (2) 

- Ta có: \(n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT (1): \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{5}{16}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=0,125\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_1=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\)

(2): \(n_{Cl_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_2=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

a) $Na_2CO_3 + 2HCl \to 2NaCl + CO_2 + H_2O$

b) $n_{Na_2CO_3} = \dfrac{21,2}{106} = 0,2(mol)$

$n_{HCl} =2 n_{Na_2CO_3} = 0,4(mol) \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,4}{0,4} = 1M$

c) $n_{CO_2} = n_{Na_2CO_3} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow V_{CO_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)$

\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{21,2}{106}=0,2mol\)

\(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\)

 0,2               0,4           0,4        0,2        0,2

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,4}=1M\)

\(V_{CO_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)